The ongoing debate over the feasibility and desirability of simultaneous elections for the Lok Sabha and state assemblies has gained momentum, with the Election Commission (EC) providing insights into the financial implications of such a move. According to the EC, if simultaneous polls were to be conducted every 15 years, an estimated ₹10,000 crore would be required to procure new Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs).
In a communication sent to the government, the Election Commission outlined that the shelf life of EVMs is approximately 15 years. Therefore, one set of machines could be utilized for three cycles of elections within this lifespan if simultaneous polls are held. The EC’s estimates factor in the need for additional EVMs and Voter-Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) machines, considering the unique requirements of simultaneous elections.
For the upcoming Lok Sabha polls in India, which require the setup of an estimated 11.80 lakh polling stations, two sets of EVMs would be needed per polling station – one for the Lok Sabha seat and another for the corresponding assembly constituency. The EC emphasized that a certain percentage of Control Units (CUs), Ballot Units (BUs), and VVPAT machines are required as reserves to replace defective units at different stages, including on the day of the election.
Taking into account the various aspects, the minimum number of EVMs and VVPATs required for simultaneous polls is projected to be 46,75,100 BUs, 33,63,300 CUs, and 36,62,600 VVPATs. The tentative cost of EVMs in early 2023 stood at ₹7,900 per BU, ₹9,800 per CU, and ₹16,000 per unit of VVPAT.
The EC, responding to a questionnaire on simultaneous polls from the Law Ministry, highlighted logistical challenges, production of new machines, and the need for increased warehousing facilities. The commission suggested that the first simultaneous elections could only be practically held in 2029, taking into consideration these factors.
The concept of simultaneous elections has been a subject of discussion and debate in India. Proponents argue that it could reduce the burden on the exchequer, enhance governance stability, and minimize disruptions caused by frequent elections. However, opponents express concerns about the logistical challenges, constitutional issues, and the potential impact on regional issues and local governance.
While the financial estimates provided by the EC offer insights into the costs associated with simultaneous polls, the decision to implement such a significant change would require careful consideration by policymakers, constitutional experts, and all political stakeholders. Simultaneous elections would necessitate constitutional amendments and a synchronized political calendar, which involves multiple layers of government – from local bodies to the national level.
The discussion around simultaneous elections is part of broader electoral reforms that aim to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the electoral process in India. The Election Commission, as the constitutional body responsible for overseeing elections in the country, plays a crucial role in providing inputs and recommendations to policymakers based on its expertise and experience.
As the debate continues, stakeholders will need to weigh the benefits and challenges of simultaneous elections, considering both the financial implications and the impact on India’s democratic processes. The EC’s estimates provide valuable information for policymakers to make informed decisions on this complex and significant issue that has far-reaching implications for India’s electoral landscape.
