In a significant move during the interim budget presentation, Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced the establishment of a high-powered committee to delve into the challenges arising from fast population growth and evolving demographics in India. The committee’s primary objective is to provide recommendations to effectively address the issues posed by these demographic shifts.
India, according to United Nations estimates, surpassed China in April 2023 to become the world’s most populous country. While China’s population has peaked and is expected to decline, India’s population continues to grow, with a substantial portion comprised of individuals under the age of 35.
Sitharaman emphasized the need for a comprehensive understanding of the challenges associated with rapid population growth. The committee is expected to play a crucial role in formulating strategies to navigate these challenges and provide a roadmap for the government’s approach to demographic changes.
The economic affairs secretary, Ajay Seth, explained during a press briefing that the committee would have an extensive mandate to consider the challenges arising from population growth and recommend specific measures. However, detailed information regarding the committee’s timeline, specific focus areas, and its resemblance to a potential population control bill remains undisclosed.
India’s demographic landscape is marked by having the largest youth population globally, with approximately 66% of the total population below the age of 35, as reported by the International Labour Organization. This demographic dividend presents both opportunities and challenges for the country’s economic and social development.
While India’s youth population offers a potential workforce advantage, it also underscores the importance of effective policies to harness this demographic dividend. The high-powered committee is expected to assess these dynamics and formulate recommendations to ensure that India can capitalize on its youthful demographic profile.
The United Nations projects continued population growth in India over the coming decades, with the workforce expected to expand by 8 million individuals annually for the next ten years. Managing this growth and aligning it with economic development goals will be a critical aspect of the committee’s deliberations.
As India grapples with the complexities of demographic shifts, there is a need for a nuanced approach that considers not only the quantitative aspects of population growth but also the qualitative dimensions, such as healthcare, education, and employment opportunities. The committee’s recommendations are anticipated to provide valuable insights into policy measures that can effectively address these multifaceted challenges.
The formation of this high-powered committee reflects the government’s proactive stance in acknowledging and tackling issues related to population growth. As the terms of reference for the committee are awaited, it is expected to engage in a comprehensive review of existing policies and propose innovative solutions to foster sustainable development in the context of India’s evolving demographics.
The announcement of the high-powered committee in the interim budget underscores the government’s commitment to addressing the challenges posed by rapid population growth. The committee’s recommendations are eagerly awaited, as they are likely to shape policy decisions aimed at leveraging the demographic dividend and steering India toward inclusive and sustainable development.
